BAHAN TITANIUM UNTUK INDUSTRI AEROSPACE
Titanium For Aerospace
Kekuatan tinggi dan kerapatan rendah dari titanium dan paduannya dari pertama memastikan peran positif untuk logam dalam aplikasi aero-engine dan badan pesawat. Sulit membayangkan bagaimana tingkat kinerja saat ini, tenaga mesin untuk rasio berat, kekuatan bingkai udara, kecepatan dan jangkauan pesawat serta faktor-faktor penting lainnya dapat dicapai tanpa titanium.
Paduan titanium mampu beroperasi pada suhu mulai dari nol hingga 600° C. Mereka digunakan dalam mesin untuk cakram, bilah, poros dan selubung dari kipas depan ke tahap terakhir dari kompresor bertekanan tinggi.
Paduan dengan kekuatan hingga 1200 MPa digunakan dalam berbagai aplikasi kerangka udara mulai dari pengencang kecil seberat beberapa gram hingga truk pendarat dan balok sayap besar dengan berat hingga 1 ton. Saat ini titanium membuat hampir 10% dari berat kosong pesawat seperti Boeing 777.
Titanium alloys capable of operating at temperatures from sub zero to 600°C are used in engines for discs, blades, shafts and casings from the front fan to the last stage of the high pressure compressor, and at the rear end of the engine for lightly loaded fabrications such as plug and nozzle assemblies.
Alloys with strength up to 1200 MPa are used in a wide variety of airframe applications from small fasteners weighing a few grams to landing gear trucks and large wing beams weighing up to 1 ton. Currently titanium makes up close to 10% of the empty weight of aircraft such as the Boeing 777.
Alloys available:
MORE WIDELY USED ALLOYS | ATTRIBUTE/APPLICATIONS |
---|---|
Ti-6Al-4V atau Titanium Grade-5 atau Ti64 | Paduan kekuatan tinggi tujuan umum yang sangat populer. |
Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo (6-2-4-2) | Creep and oxidation resistant engine alloy |
Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo (6-2-4-6) | Creep and oxidation resistant engine alloy |
Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Zr-4Mo (Beta C) | Beta alloy with established spring applications |
Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al (10-2-3) | Beta forging alloy used for 777 landing gear |
Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al (15-3-3-3) | High strength heat treatable beta sheet alloy |
Ti-3Al-2.5V | Medium strength alloy used for hydraulic tubing |
Ti-4Al-4Mo-2Sn (550) | Higher strength heat treatable airframe and engine alloy |
Ti-5.5Al-3.5Sn-3Zr-1Nb (829) | Advanced engine alloy, creep and oxidation resistant |
Ti-5.8Al-4Sn-3.5Zr-0.7Nb (834) | Advanced engine alloy, creep and oxidation resistant |
Ti-5Al-2Sn-4Mo-2Zr-4Cr (Ti 17) | Advanced engine alloy, creep and oxidation resistant |
Ti-15Mo-3Nb-3Al-0.2Si (21S) | Oxidation and corrosion resistant beta sheet alloy |
THE FOLLOWING ALLOYS ARE OF INCREASING IMPORTANCE | |
Ti-6Al-2Zr-2Sn-2Mo-2Cr-0.25Si (6.22.22) | Airframe alloy for F22 and JSF projects |
Ti-4.5Al-3V-2Mo-2Fe (SP 700) | Competitor for Ti-6-4 for SPF and general use |
The remaining alloys tend to be less widely used but are none the less important and may be critical in their application to specific fully validated components. | |
Ti-2Cu (230) | Heat treatable sheet alloy |
Ti-4Al-4Mo-4Sn-0.5Si (551) | High strength airframe alloy, very limited availability |
Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V (8-1-1) | Early alloy now mainly for spares and replacements |
Ti-6-6-2 | High strength alloy with specific earlier applications |
Ti-11Sn-5Zr-2.5Al-1Mo-0.2Si (679) | Earlier engine alloy rarely specified in new programmes |
Ti-6Al-5Zr-0.5Mo-0.25Si (685) | Engine alloy now mainly for spares and replacements |